A study reveals that the severity of learning disorders may depend not only on the child's environment but also on the mother's environment when she was young.

The researchers studied the brain function of pre-adolescent mice with a genetically-created defect in memory. When these young mice were enriched by exposure to a stimulating environment – including novel objects, opportunities for social interaction and voluntary exercise – for two weeks, the memory defect was reversed. The work showed that this enhancement was remarkably long-lasting because it was passed on to the offspring even though the offspring had the same genetic mutation and were never exposed to an enriched environment. 

A new testosterone patch, designed to pep up a woman's flagging sex drive after womb and ovary removal, may not work, and its long term safety is not proven, says the Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin (DTB).

Intrinsa was recently licensed in the UK for the treatment of women, who have gone through the menopause as a result of womb and ovary removal, and who are subsequently experiencing a drop in sex drive.  The condition is referred to as hypoactive sexual desire disorder or HSDD for short.

There is some evidence to suggest that a fall in sex drive after the menopause might be linked to low levels of circulating testosterone.

I should be able to get this Hollywood movie made in two paragraphs.  

*****

A likable rogue-ish historian ( Hank Campbell, only in tweed, we might describe him, Harrison Ford being a little long in the tooth for action films these days) is poring over antique tomes, including an original draft copy of  On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life when he notices a very faint trace of eraser markings on the title page.    He does some kind of magic chemical stuff (whatever - it's a movie) and discovers it is a number.    

Show Me The Science Month Day 7

The birth of new species always involves a barrier to cross-breeding between two different groups of the same species. This barrier may start out as a geographical barrier (two raccoon populations on different sides of a mountain never encounter each other and thus fail to interbreed), but however it starts, reporductive barriers always turn into a genetic barrier. To form new species, two populations of organisms have to drift apart genetically.

The genetic split can happen in a variety of ways, as scientists are discovering in the their quest to find 'speciation genes.' It can happen because a selfish gene fails to be shut down in the offspring of cross-breeding flies, and it can happen because one mouse gene doesn't work right when it encounters genetic variants from another subspecies.

A report in Science describes one more speciation gene, this time in two sub-species of thale cress plants. In this case, the barrier to reproduction is the result of faulty gene copying.

When most of us, especially in the SB community, think of supercomputers we usually think of large-scale hydrodynamics or fusion reaction simulations which stretch our knowledge of the universe and provide us with a validation or a denial or of some complicated physical theory.

Indeed, this is what most supercomputers are up to: simulating climate change, the structure of proteins, or the dynamics of a supernova, while producing awesome pictures like this one:


An awesome picture of the ascending Space Shuttle and the pressure coefficients of the outside. Photo Credit: NASA Advanced Supercomputing Facility

If you have not already chosen your new love, researchers suggest you stay away from those with big chins as they have a tendency to cheat. Researchers from four universities across the US and Canada prodded into the sexual habits of chinny and relatively chin-less females to determine these results.

Throughout history, scientists, philosophers, mathematicians and Phd students lacking funding for actual research have turned to the thought experiment in hopes of discovering something publishable, thereby retaining tenure and/or attracting the admiration of comely undergraduates. The best thought experiments throw light into dark corners of the universe and also provide other scientists, philosophers, mathematicians and destitute Phd students a way to kill time while waiting for the bus.

Below is a classic thought experiment, pillaged from my book The Geeks' Guide to World Domination (Be Afraid, Beautiful People). I'll post a new thought experiment each day this week.

A study by UC Davis researchers published in  Archives of Pediatric&Adolescent Medicine has found that most of the healthy children and teenagers in the United States who are taking daily vitamin and mineral supplements probably don't need them.  The study also found that the children who most need to take vitamins aren't getting them.

The idea of ecosystem services is a promising conservation concept but has been rarely put into practice. In  Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, researchers have created a tool they say can report some of the first quantifiable results that place values on nature's services to humans.

Some of the best-described ecosystem services include pollination of crops, flood and storm protection, water filtration and recreation. The challenging part is translating these services into something with a measurable value. Economic valuation methods take changes in the supply of ecosystem services and translate these into changes in human welfare. 

If you care about the environment, you probably have become familiar with the phrase 'food miles' - along with production methods, it has become a key factor in what environmentally conscious people do to get quality food with less impact on the ecosystem.

But they may be negating it, according to new research by the University of Exeter (UK) p ublished in the journal Food Policy.   Shopping locally may not be as good for the environment as having food delivered -  on average, lower carbon emissions result even from having food delivered right to your house than driving to a local farm.