If you did not know Arctic hurricanes happen, you are not alone. They even come with a central "eye", extreme low barometric pressure and towering 30-foot waves that can sink ships and cover metal platforms with thick ice, threatening oil and gas exploration.

Climate scientists report the first conclusive evidence that Arctic hurricanes, also known as polar lows, play a significant role in driving ocean water circulation and climate.  Their results point to potentially cooler conditions in Europe and North America in the 21st century than other models predict. 

By using voltage instead of current, researchers say they have made major improvements to magnetoresistive random access memory - MRAM -  a faster, higher-capacity class of computer memory.

Current, magnetic memory is based on spin-transfer torque (STT), which uses the magnetic property of electrons - spin - in addition to their charge. STT utilizes an electric current to move electrons to write data into the memory.  

A research group examining how bacteria cope with stress, for example how the receptor meolecule CadC monitors the acidity in the environment and alerts the cell to take countermeasures to protect itself, led to some answers about protein synthesis, the core biosynthetic process that makes all metabolism possible.

They found that, in the absence of  Translation Elongation Factor P (EF-P, for short), the cell doesn't make enough CadC to carry out its job effectively. 

Two new studies explore the development of reasoning and perspective-taking in young children.

How to Pass the False-Belief Task Before Your Fourth Birthday

A new study found significant correlation between excessive daytime sleepiness and vitamin D - in patients with normal vitamin D levels, progressively higher levels of daytime sleepiness were correlated inversely with progressively lower levels of vitamin D.

But among patients with vitamin D deficiency, sleepiness and vitamin D levels were associated only among black patients.This correlation was observed in a direct relationship, with higher vitamin D levels associated with a higher level of sleepiness among black patients.

Scientists have discovered a new gene mechanism that appears to regulate triglyceride levels and may protect carriers of a gene variant against cardiovascular disease, especially among those with greater intakes of polyunsaturated fat (PUFA).