A multi-institutional study has found that a shorter course of post-mastectomy radiation, combined with breast reconstruction can time from 25 to 16 treatment sessions while remaining safe and effective.

Breast cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer for American women and nearly 40% have mastectomies. The majority who do undergo reconstructive breast surgery.

The recurring El Niño phenomenon was in full force from mid-2023 to mid-2024 and as predicted it brought higher temperatures. In this case, it brought the highest temperatures since accurate records have been kept, for 12 straight months.

Prokaryotes, single-cell organisms such as bacteria, undergo inversions which cause a physical flip of a segment of DNA and change an organism’s genetic identity the way you might change a wig. They can occur within a single gene, in defiance of the more common 'one gene codes for one protein' standard.

Theories in physics come and go, some are popular yet entirely speculative and fade away quickly, like String Theory, and Superdeterminism, while others continue to provide hope for a framework that can unify gravity at the very large and very small levels.

Dry eye disease is a chronic condition estimated to affect around 360 million people. Common symptoms include uncomfortable, red, scratchy or irritated eyes.

Anecdotal claims are that laughter therapy alleviates depression, anxiety, stress, and chronic pain, while strengthening immune function but if you have clinical depression, please don't limit yourself to people saying you need to smile more and get scientific help. Laughter therapy for dry eye disease is a much less risky proposition.

Getting enough sleep is correlated to brain and heart health and after a stroke that is even more important.

A new survey finds that is when people who need it are least likely to get it. 

A cohort of 39,559 people were asked every two years how much sleep they usually get at night on weekdays or workdays. Sleep duration was divided into three categories: short, less than six hours; normal, six to eight hours; and long, eight or more hours of sleep. The group included 1,572 people who had a stroke.


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