In the field of gender-affirming care for the LBGTQ+ community, there are drastic solutions - controversial if it involves those unable to grant real informed consent - but there are also therapeutic benefits to minimally invasive procedures, write a group in Canadian Medical Association Journal, and taxpayers should fund those.

The number of girls diagnosed with precocious puberty increased during the COVID-19 pandemic was most likely due to obesity - increased screen time and less physical activity. 

Precocious puberty is when children's bodies begin to change into adult bodies too soon. They start to develop physical changes before the age of 8 such as breasts buds in girls and bigger testes in boys. 

Girls diagnosed with precocious puberty during the COVID-19 pandemic tended to have higher body mass index (BMI) scores than girls who did not. These girls spent an average of 2 hours per day using electronic devices, and 88.5% of them stopped any physical activity.

The first investigation of the genomic diversity of individuals buried at Machu Picchu and adjacent places around Cusco, the Inca capital finds that the mitmas - slaves - and members of the empire who were forced to serve elites and lived, worked, and died at Machu Picchu, the renowned 15th century Inca palace in southern Peru, were a diverse community representing many different ethnic groups.

In recent years, there have been efforts to reconsider cancers of the uterine cervix oropharyngeal, penile, vulvar and anal as sexually transmitted diseases.

The reason is because of their link to human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is everywhere and has been longer than is even known, there are over 100 types, and most of the time if anything happens it is benign lesions such as warts and condyloma. But a few thousand times per year it is more serious and subtypes like HPV16 can lead to malignant transformed cells which may develop into precancerous lesions or even cancer. In about a third of cases those cancers are linked to HPV and an HPV infection can be transmitted during sexual activity.

There is a lot of concern about the ability of ChatGPT to replace lower-skilled workers but it will probably make them better. In the 19th century a phrase went, "God man but Sam Colt made them equal" and ChatGPT could give those without inherent gifts that same leg up soon.

The days when you could seem smart by having a good memory and confident delivery style may be over, which means greater equity for all.

Atherosclerosis, a condition that causes arteries to thicken, is a risk factor for a number of diseases that as a group are the leading cause of death in the U.S. What it really means, why it happens, and why it matters is unclear, since nearly half of Americans are told they have it.

Understanding its progression and possible impact of fatty buildup in the arteries is important, as is calcification. A new pilot is geared toward learning where that calcification comes from, and if perhaps its origin is inside the arteries.