Those familiar with the Lord of the Rings will remember the
Huorns. According to the Lord of
the Rings Wiki:
Mostly the Huorns stood as dark trees in the
deepest forests, gnarled and unmoving, yet watchful. When aroused in wrath they
moved swiftly as if wrapped in shadows, falling on foes with deadly and
merciless strength. . . . These were wild wood spirits who were bent on the
destruction of all who threatened the forests. They were dangerous to all on two
legs unless they were protected by Ents.
So what is this, growing
outside the Archaeology Department of the University of Reading,
England?
It is, in fact, a type of Poplar from North America,
namely Populus
tremuloides, ranging from next to the Arctic Sea in the Canadian
Northwest Territories, most abundant in the colder parts of the continent but
with isolated pockets as far south as Mexico.
However, as the
Wikipedia link above tells us:
It propagates itself primarily through root
sprouts, and extensive clonal colonies are common. Each colony is its own clone,
and all trees in the clone have identical characteristics and share a single
root structure. A clone may turn color earlier or later in the fall than its
neighbouring aspen clones. Fall colors are usually bright tones of yellow; in
some areas, red blushes may be occasionally seen. As all trees in a given clonal
colony are considered part of the same organism, one clonal colony, named Pando,
is considered the heaviest and oldest living organism at six million kilograms
and approximately 80,000 years old. Aspens do produce seeds, but seldom grow
from them. Pollination is inhibited by the fact that aspens are either male or
female, and large stands are usually all clones of the same sex. Even if
pollinated, the small seeds (three million per pound = 150 micrograms) are only
viable a short time as they lack a stored food source or a protective
coating.
I suspect that such ‘behaviour’ may have evolved in response to
the recent ice ages. Bitter cold is no help to sexual reproduction in plants.
This is obvious in the case of insect-pollinated plants, so that some flowers in
Greenland with its shortage of insects have gone in for self-fertilization.
Poplars, though, are wind pollinated, so it may be that the difficulty of
producing seeds and the rigours of seedling development have given the clonal
method of propagation the edge.
I am not the only person to appreciate
this wonderful tree, as the online article Aspen
Eyes demonstrates. But the clonal method does have its vulnerabilities,
as the Dieback
section of the Wikipedia article describes. Perhaps a breeding programme to
select for the ‘sexiest’ trees would be in order.
But I still wonder
about that specimen at Reading University. It does look as if it might be one
of a new breed of invigilators, to avoid tying up staff time during the exam
season. Or maybe, are the NSA using biotechnology to develop new spying methods
for use in Europe?
Which leads me to an even more outlandish or out-time-ish thought.
At the Battle of the Hornburg, the Huorns only attacked when all the enemy orcs
were in their midst which denied them the chance of escape. Since the Huorns
waited no orcs would have been able to see the carnage from outside and
escape.
Traditionally, in Europe, pitched battles have taken place in the open field. But in the USA, there is one very famous exception, namely the Battle of the
Wilderness.
What if mutant huorn-like aspens had been established there? A most horrifying thought, but one that might be taken up by historical sci-fi television producers.
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