A new review from China believes that brain-computer interfaces mark the next leap: a direct connection between mind and machine. They note breakthroughs in neural signal decoding, AI, and bioengineering but what should really worry residents of a communist dictatorship is how they believe it will shape autonomy, identity, and mental privacy.
Brain-computer interfaces are still primarily experimental neuroscience. They function by detecting neural signals and bypassing damaged pathways and translating them into commands that control external devices. Proof-of-concept has been everything from headsets to fully implanted microelectrode arrays and they have enabled paralyzed individuals to regain movement and aphasia patients to communicate through decoded speech intentions. Closed-loop systems have been used in managing Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy, adjusting neural stimulation based on live brain activity.
Brain-computer interface. A: coin-sized chip; B: BCI-enhanced headset; C: electrode encapsulation film; D: endovascular stent electrode; E: graphene-based neural chip; F: mesh Lace data acquisition array.Credit: Medical Journal of Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Intriguingly, brain-computer interfaces may detect consciousness in non-responsive patients, assist in psychiatric treatment, and even boost memory in those with Alzheimer’s disease. If intelligent brain modulation becomes truly possible, the Peking Union Medical College Hospital scholars believe they could redefine humanity.
A lot about brain-computer interfaces remain potential bordering on hype. Signal stability, long-term biocompatibility, and affordability are the greatest challenges. Graphene-based chips and flexible cortical films may enhance signal resolution while minimizing immune response.
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