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    Scientists Need To Be Less Objective, Says Ecologist, And More Political
    By News Staff | August 11th 2011 07:00 PM | 20 comments | Print | E-mail | Track Comments
    If you look at the most politicized aspects of science, it is areas where scientists and science journalists became advocates and stopped being trusted guides for the public. Result: the collapse of science journalism and increased distrust of scientists in those fields.

    Paul Ehrlich, the Bing Professor of Population Studies at Stanford, says scientists need to be more political and not less. He summed it up this way: "You often hear people say scientists should not be advocates. I think that is bull."

    In an interview a few days before the annual meeting of the Ecological Society of America in Austin, Texas, his take was sometimes moderate. He talked about the urgent need for scientists to take publicize research results beyond journals, which makes sense to the Science 2.0 community. But then he says scientists should also do the framing for the public.

    "With society moving toward a collapse, the idea that scientists, especially ecologists, should just do their work, present their data and not do any interpretation leads to the kind of imbecility we have in Washington today, where you have an entire Congress that is utterly clueless about how the natural world works," Ehrlich said.

    Well, it may be that Congress doesn't know how the natural world works, and the public also, despite adult science literacy being tripled in the last 30 years, or it may be that an Ivory Tower mentality and demanding obedience in the face of expertise is also less than 30 years ago, when scientists were more impartial scientifically and more balanced politically.

    In what will not resonate well with scientists otherwise likely to be on his side in his 'people are stupid and Congress is worse' tone, he also says curiosity-driven research is outmoded.

    "How you judge a good scientist, in part, is by what they choose to be curious about," he says. It is also critical, he said, that the work ecologists do be of the highest quality and of general scientific interest. Prominent peer-reviewed journals should instead highlight ecology research with clear connections to the human condition, calling ecology the most important science today.

    "The idea that ecologists in particular shouldn't be advocates, that they shouldn't be telling the public that what ecologists study is basically disappearing, is just nuts," he said.

    He has joined with hundreds of other ecologists, social scientists and scholars in the humanities to create an ecology advocacy group called the Millennium Alliance for Humanity and the Biosphere, sponsored by Stanford, who will no doubt be thrilled someone in ecology told everyone else at the best graduate science school in the world they are less important. "We are trying to recruit the social sciences and the humanities into an attempt to make academia relevant in the world and help change the course of society," Ehrlich said. "If you are tired of living in a world where leaders think debt ceilings are more important than climate disruption and the degrading of ecosystem services, then do something about it: Join the MAHB and get active."

    Should scientists become more political and not less? How can some scientists who want to get untethered from the political world do so if they become advocates?  

    Comments

    Steve Davis
    "...the idea that scientists, especially ecologists, should just do their work, present their data and not do any interpretation leads to the kind of imbecility..."
    There's a couple of responses to that.
    First, interpretation is fine if it based wholly on the evidence.
    Second, what does he think the climate debate is about?
    The climate debate is scientists interpreting and advocating.
    He could have good reasons for feeling that specific areas of ecology are not getting the priority they deserve, but he has not argued that case well.
    Gerhard Adam
    When scientists become advocates, they are no long practicing science and there's no reason to believe that they aren't just as biased as the most ignorant among us.
    Hank
    What's funny is how popular his take was among science writers in social media.  Not scientists, but science writers.  Really, they are the reason science looks so partisan in the first place but they think science is not militant enough.
    Steve Davis
    "When scientists become advocates, they are no long practicing science..."
    OK Gerhard, I'll rephrase it.
    Interpretation and advocacy is fine if it is based wholly on the evidence.
    What could possibly be wrong with that?
    Without advocacy by scientists we would still be living with all sorts of environmental disasters. We would still be in caves in fact, because applied science is actually advocacy.
    People putting their money where their mouth is has been the driver of many advances.
    Gerhard Adam
    I guess it depends on what they're advocating.  My problem is that it's one thing to be an advocate for your ideas or even for some interpretations of those ideas.  I think it's totally misplaced to advocate the implementation of such ideas in public policy (for example).  At that point, the scientist will be influenced by his own political/social beliefs and no longer be objective regarding the science.

    It's like a scientist dealing with over-population.  It's one thing to be an advocate for the idea, and to raise awareness of the issue (even if others don't see it as a problem).  However, if that same scientist is going to advocate political or social solutions, then I don't accept that from them.  They are no more qualified to offer such solutions than any other person. 
    Objectivity is a lie. Get over it. Scientists are people, not machines. Objectivity, by definition, is a thing without a heart, and is therefore impossible to achieve except by psychopaths.

    If scientists do not engage in advocacy then someone else will use their research for their advocacy purposes. All too often that someone will already have a political agenda and will be more than happy to cherry pick and distort data towards that end. It is much more probable that scientists will remain more honest with the findings than those outside of science. With advocacy though of course objectivity is to some extent sacrificed but I'm prepared to accept that outcome rather than scientists sitting on the sidelines and then complaining about how various advocacy groups are mis-interpreting their research if not outright lying about the findings of scientists.

    If economists, doctors, biomedical researchers, post modernists, various academics in the humanities, and politicians are going to push their barrows then why shouldn't other scientists be prepared to enter the fray? It pays to remember that many scientists played leading roles in environmental advocacy and public health issues.

    Scientists are citizens and like all citizens they must be prepared to use their skills and experience to help keep society moving in the right direction.

    .... They are no more qualified to offer such solutions than any other person. ....

    Sometimes yes, sometimes no Gerhard. But if they are no more qualified why should that bar them from entering the debate?

    ...How can some scientists who want to get untethered from the political world do so if they become advocates? ...

    That is just a dream, who, apart from the immeasurably ignorant, is untethered from the political world?

    Gerhard Adam
    I understand, however there's an important issue here that can't be overlooked.  Once a scientist becomes an advocate, he runs the very real risk of compromising his ability to be considered a disinterested observer.  As a result, his data, his methods, everything becomes politicized and the only difference is that science becomes compromised.

    I can fully appreciate that scientists are human beings and will have opinions and political positions.  However, their scientific credentials do not grant them a privileged status in that debate.  Scientists need to advocate for the integrity of their data and research, and they need to be "pit bulls" when it comes to how that data is used or spun by politicians.  However, when they become the politicians, themselves, then they will no longer have the influence.

    As I said ... I have no problems with scientists being very vocal about the data, or the science.  However, crossing the line into public policy will compromise all of it.
    Steve Davis
     "Scientists need to advocate for the integrity of their data and research, and they need to be "pit bulls" when it comes to how that data is used or spun by politicians."
    That's it in a nutshell Gerhard, and the moment they become pitbulls they have entered the political sphere.
    This does not mean that they have become political in the accepted sense.
    They can attack misinterpretation by showing how it does not fit the evidence.
    If they fail to do that, then they have allowed themselves to be politicised.
    Hank
    I think most of us see the peril in this - as do most scientists.  This guy is a full on militant kook and he appeals to the mindset of other militant kooks who, fortunately, either are not in science academia or at least keep it quiet.   It was science writers who seemed to like it - but they have journalistic pretensions and wish it was the 1970s when they could take down a president or something.
    Ladislav Kocbach
    I just wonder
    This guy is a full on militant kook and he appeals to the mindset of other militant kooks who,
    This militant ecologist is now 79 years old and has a long scientific carrier behind himself. Surprising that he stays so militant and so provoking to the readers here. Hopefully he will become less miltant when he will grow older.

    I did not know what to make of "kook" - here is some dictionary hint for us others: kook - one whose ideas or actions are eccentric, fantastic, or insane ... etc etc
    vongehr
    And could you look up "militant" for us. ;-)
    Hank
    And a definition for 'metaphor' might be in order.   I don't think the inference is he is literally shooting up anything.   I certainly agree that when a researcher is well past the age of retirement he no longer feels bound to have a pretense of objectivity and can say anything he wants.

    What will be the concern by the mass public who have to make decisions on policy is how many other researchers are pretending to be objective but are secretly using science to engage in a culture war - but it will only be stated publicly when they are old.
    vongehr
    how many other researchers are pretending to be objective but ...
    About 100%, whether they are secretly aware of their real motivations or successfully fool themselves doesn't much matter. Researchers are selected to be mainly fundraisers, managers, volume-productive authors - there isn't time to keep up with the overall progress of science to be objective. How can they even know the importance of their own field if knowing nothing about at least several other fields? Once somebody has PI status, we already know that the person cannot be objective about pretty much anything, otherwise they would have never gotten PI status.
    I agree with scientists being bulldogs when it comes to the gross misrepresentation of their research, but they should stay out of everything else. Not because they may soil their reputation, but plainly because they are strongly biased against any real changes that would undermine their own position in the new establishment, and without real changes there, progress cannot be had.
    ...Scientists need to advocate for the integrity of their data and research, and they need to be "pit bulls" when it comes to how that data is used or spun by politicians. However, when they become the politicians, themselves, then they will no longer have the influence. ...

    If you think scientists can stick their heads up and say "Hey, they misinterpreted my research" and people will listen then you are assuming that political debate works in the same way as scientific debate. It doesn't. Public profile is important, even if a scientist could prove fabrication unless that scientist already has an established public profile the complaints may not even be given a hearing. That is not a desirable situation but it is the situation. I've known e people in local politics and even they have complained that getting the media to correctly report can be very difficult. Glenn Beck influences more people than most scientists and he's freaking nuts. David Suzuki can call a press conference have a truckload of journalists show up but most scientists would be flat out getting a single interview.

    I am not advocating that scientists should be out there pushing barrows all the time but that it might be in their interests to look at how the public debate is framed and not assume that the behavior in the scientific community is going to as efficacious in the public realm.

    Hank
    John, prescient insight and you are dead on.   The whole reason for Science 2.0 was because the public doesn't trust journalists and scientists don't trust journalists and science blogging then, frankly, sucked.    Scientists can certainly get a broader audience for important research rather than waiting passively for a journalist to notice them, by writing here as an example, but they don't want to do it.

    That's not a knock, they went into research because of curiosity-driven science, not to do public relations.  

    But this guy says curiosity-driven research is all wrong and scientists should only be doing what he considers practical.    The problem is he is not in charge of research funding and once you make all research 'practical', it can go to a weird place depending on which politician holds the checkbook.
    Of *course* it's an ecologist saying this. Sooooo not surprised.

    It is a terrible problem for scientists because all too often they have to battle dishonesty not only from outside their profession and much less than professional behavior from within their profession.

    I tell friends to forget about science journalism. Why bother when Science 2.0 does much better?

    As to the bad professor in the news article, his claims about a lack of curiousity driven research is silly. One of my favourite journals is the Journal of Biological Chemistry and it is replete with cutting edge research driven solely by fascination with molecular biology. If the professor is arguing that scientific research should be driven by advocacy. I advocate he should be driven out of scientific research. Advocacy comes on the back of research, not vice versa.

    lumidek
    Why doesn't he directly say that all scientists should be hardcore green Nazis such as himself? What I find amazing is that Microsoft is willing to associate itself with pseudo-Academic garbage similar to Ehrlich. "Bing Professor Ehrlich", WTF? If I were a boss of Microsoft, I would do my best to contribute funds to as human form of euthanasia for similar Ehrlichs as possible.

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