Scientific Name Cassia fistula Linn. Family Caesalpiniaceae (Fabaceae) Used Part Root. Distribution Area A deciduous medium-sized tree, occurring in deciduous forests throughout the greater part of India, ascending up to an altitude of 1,220 m in the sub- Himalayan tract and outer Himalayas. Common Uses . The root and its bark possess astringent, tonic, febrifugal, and

Euphorbia pulcherrima L: Common name: Poinsettia The name pulcherrima means "most beautiful" and brilliant red floral display of E. pulcherrima, held against rich green foliage has made this unlikely species a holiday favorite. Its attractive appearance of the Christmas colors has so endeared the plant, that it is now second only to the Christmas tree as the most popular holiday plant. E. pulcherrima was named after Dr. J.R. Poinsett and was introduced to gardeners in the early 19th century.

In India, more than about 80% of the rural people depend mainly on plants for their primary healthcare needs. Many member plants of family Euphorbiaceae are found in Rajasthan and used here in many traditional remedies. A list of plants of family Euphorbiaceae found in Rajasthan is given in Table 3.2. Different plants of Euphorbiaceae are used in traditional medicine include: E. antiquorum, (Fig.3.3), E. antisyphilitica (Fig.3.2), E. chamaesyce, (Fig.3.4), E. cyparissias, (Fig.3.5), E. helioscopia (Fig.3.6), E. hypericifolia, (Fig.3.7), E. lathyris, (Fig.3.8), E. longifolia, (Fig.3.9), E. milii, (Fig.3.10), E. neriifolia, (Fig.3.11), E. nivulia (Fig.3.12), E. peplus, (Fig.3.13), E. resinifera, (Fig.3.14), E. royleana, (Fig.3.15).

Information on folk medicinal uses of the plants has become of improved interest in search for new therapeutic agent. Huge information on medicinal plants exists as oral among the folklore and primitive societies of India, where a large number of potent medicinal herbs are found growing wild. Although, a huge quantity of ethnobotanical explorations has been done in various pockets of tribal and rural population, scattered throughout the country, but there is still a lot to be explored. Ethnobotanical investigations play crucial role in revealing the information about such plant species that can be source of safer, cheaper, and effective drugs for the benefit of humankind.

The state is rich in floral diversity as 1911 wild species belonging to 780 genera and 154 families are found here (Singh and Pandey, 1980, 1983, 1998; Katewa et al., 2004). The commonly used herbal medicines used by tribals of Rajasthan belongs to the families Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Apiiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Acantheceae, Papaveraceae, Capparidaceae and Solanaceae (Sharma and Vyas, 1985; Shetty and Singh,1987; Joshi, 1991, 1994; Sharma, 2002; Parveen et al., 2007). The distribution of family Euphorbiaceae in Rajasthan is given in Fig 1.4. The family contains a large variety of phytotoxins, mainly diterpene esters, alkaloids, glycosides, and ricin-type toxins (Evans 1986a, 1986b), and their presence make it ethnobotanically and pharmacognostically important family.

Jaipur the world famous pink city has lost its amber fort mawtha or reservoir which did not fill this rainy season. Its water source Ramgarh lake has dried up because its water channels have been blocked by colonisers. The vegetation of Ramgarh forest has declined and forest cover has also declined Plants have associations like humans and one plant is cut from the association it affects others also. e.g. cutting of Boswellia serrata and Sterculia urens from the hill tops has affected the vegetation of Diospyros malanoxylon which are found in its association. The plants whihch make hills green Anogeissus pendula suffers from terminte attack once these cover plants are gone.